Today, the contraceptive methods available are safe and more reliable than ever before. However, they are only as good as your ability to use them according to directions. So, choose a method that matches your lifestyle.
Tubal ligation and vasectomy are the most reliable and most permanent forms of contraception. In a tubal ligation, the fallopian tubes are cut or tied off, so eggs can no longer be fertilized. In a vasectomy, the vas deferentia are cut or tied so sperm can no longer be ejaculated with the semen. Minor surgery is needed for both procedures. A more recent method of permanent contraception is "essure pbc" which is a less invasive method of tubal occlusion. This method is performed without anaesthetic or surgery. The device is introduced through the vagina, cervix, and uterus into the fallopian tubes.
The oral contraceptive pill is very effective and can be safely used by most women. A physical examination and a prescription are needed to obtain this form of contraception. To be effective, pills must be taken once a day, every day, at the same time everyday. Most people have no side effects from oral contraceptive pills, except lighter and less painful periods. If other effects occur, pill type and dosage can usually be adjusted to reduce or eliminate them.
Progesterone-based methods using implants or injections eliminate the need for daily pills. These methods also require an examination, as well as repeated visits every three months for injections, or evry 3 years for implants.
IUDs, or intra-uterine contraceptive devices, are a safe alternative for some women. The IUD is placed in the uterus by a GP, family planning doctor or gynaecologist and can be relied on for a period of years. One risk of IUD use is the possibility of infection, especially in women who have multiple sex partners. Serious infections can cause infertility, which is the inability to have babies. That is why IUDs are safe only in women with low risk of infection. They are also only recommended in women who have had a previous pregnancy, as this reduces the dilatation of the cervix required to insert the device and the risk of adverse events.
Barrier methods include diaphragms, cervical caps, and condoms for men or women. These have the least side effects, but are also the least reliable. The diaphragm and cap need to be fitted to you by a doctor who will help you understand how to place and use them. Sexually transmitted diseases are less common in users of these forms, especially the condom. So, use condoms with other contraceptive methods for increased protection against sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV, Chlamydia, Hepatitis B and gonorrhea.
Natural birth control methods are also reliable when used together and regularly by someone with a regular cycle and an understanding of their own fertility. Your doctor or local Family Planning clinic will have information to share about these methods. Your local library or bookshop will have information as well.
Article #7118
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