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Haemorrhoids are convoluted, swollen, and stretched veins around the anus. They are an annoying and sometimes a painful problem. Complications from haemorrhoids are unusual.
COMMON CAUSES OF HAEMORRHOIDS ARE: - constipation (passing a large stool or straining during bowel movements can create excessive pressure in the veins)
- infection in the area
- pregnancy and childbirth
The first symptom may be bright red blood that is not mixed with stools. There may also be a mucus discharge and vague discomfort. A portion of the anal lining may become pushed out of the anus during defaecation. At first, this retracts by itself. Over time, however, one may have to push it back. If this occurs repeatedly, one should consult a doctor, since it could become permanent. In rare cases, the protrusion's blood supply is cut off, which may result in gangrene. Other complications that call for medical attention include anaemia due to blood loss, intense anal itching, loss of bowel control, or intense pain. Pain occurs when there is a clot in the vein, inflammation due to protrusion, or an anal fissure. There are several over-the-counter products that help relieve symptoms of haemorrhoids. SELF-CARE THAT CAN RELIEVE SYMPTOMS MAY INCLUDE: - frequent warm sit-down baths
- running warm water over the haemorrhoids
- bed rest may help
- avoid straining during a bowel movement
- increase fluid intake
- increase the amount of fibre or roughage in diet
Good sources of fibre are fruits and vegetables, whole grain foods, beans and other legumes. Fibre supplements are also readily available. A common problem occurs when the blood in the haemorrhoid clots. This may produce some bleeding and pain, which may be severe. If there is no relief from sitting in a tub full of warm to hot water, contact with a doctor should be made. The doctor, after an examination, may apply a topical anaesthesic, make an incision over the clot, and remove the clot. This almost always gives immediate relief of the pain. Medical treatment of haemorrhoids usually starts with an examination of the entire lower colon, since anal bleeding can also be a sign of polyps or colon cancer. Treatment for a persistent protruding haemorrhoid may simply be gentle manual reduction. Minor surgery may be necessary. Rarely, the surgical removal of the entire haemorrhoid is needed. Article #4416 Copyright (c) 2002 McKesson. All Rights Reserved. |
